Amines (N, NH, NH2)

Phytochemicals

Sources

Amines

cadaverine, ethylamine, tryptamine

peyote cactus, soybeans

Nonprotein amino acids

4-hydroxyleucine, canavanine, S-(propylenyl)-cysteine

legumes

Protein amino acids

histidine, lysine, methionine

chicken, lentils

Alkaloids

ephedrine, nicotine, piperine

coffee beans, tobacco

Cyanide CN

Phytochemicals

Sources

Cyanogenic Glycosides

amygdalin, linamarin, prunasin

almonds, lima beans, cherries

Thiocyanate

Phytochemicals

Sources

Glucosinolates

isothiocyanates

cabbage, horseradish, mustard, turnips

Isoprene (methylbutadiene) C5H12

Phytochemicals

Sources

Terpenoids

geraniol, limonene, menthol

chamomile, ginseng

Steroids (Cyclic Terpenoids)

b-sitosterol, ergosterol, ginsenosides

ethanol, menthol

Carotenoids

b-carotene, lycopene, zeaxanthin

mangos, peaches

Terpenoid Quinones

Coenzyme Q10, phylloquinone (vitamin K)

beans, cabbage, carrots, cucumbers

Terpenoid Chromanols

tocopherols (vitamin E), tocotrienols

almonds, peanut oil, walnuts

Polyisoprenes

chicle, rubber

chewing gum, rubber

Phenol (benzene) C6H5OH

Phytochemicals

Sources

Simple Phenolics

catechol, vanillin

citrus fruits

Phenolic Acids

gallic acid, salicylic acid

rye bread, sweet cherries

Phenylpropenes, Coumarins & Hydoxy-cinnamic Acids

caffeic acid, eugenol, myristicin, umbelliferone

tonka bean (used in skin treatment)

Xanthones, Stilbenes & Quinones

arbutin, emodin, hypericin, resveratrol

mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.)

Flavonoids & Isoflavones*

cyanidin, genistein, luteolin, quercetin

chick peas, soy legumes

Lignans

flaxseed lignans, sesamol

Schisandra chinensis

Bi-flavonoids

amentoflavone

broccoli, citrus fruits

Lignins, Tannins

flavolans, oak bark tannin, witch hazel tannin

cinnamon, echinacea, flax